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← Accounting notes
Edexcel ·Accounting·Cambridge IGCSE Accounting

Double-entry Bookkeeping & Ledger Accounts

15 min read

The principle of double entry, debit and credit rules, recording transactions in ledger accounts and balancing them.

The principle of double entry

Every transaction has two effects and is recorded twice — once as a debit and once as an equal credit. Total debits must always equal total credits.

The rules for which side to use:

Account typeDebit (increase)Credit (increase)
Assetincreasedecrease
Expenseincreasedecrease
Drawingsincreasedecrease
Capitaldecreaseincrease
Liabilitydecreaseincrease
Incomedecreaseincrease

A useful memory aid is DEAD: Debit Expenses, Assets, Drawings.

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Introduction to Accounting & the Accounting Equation

Books of Prime Entry & the Cash Book

The Trial Balance

Income Statements (Trading & Profit/Loss)