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Edexcel IAL·Economics·IAL Economics

Aggregate Demand & Supply

13 min read

The components of aggregate demand, aggregate supply, and how they determine national output and the price level.

The whole economy can be modelled with aggregate demand and aggregate supply.

Aggregate demand (AD)

Total planned spending in the economy: AD=C+I+G+(X−M)\text{AD} = C + I + G + (X - M)AD=C+I+G+(X−M) (consumption + investment + government spending + net exports). AD slopes downward against the price level.

macro equilibrium

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AD (blue) and AS (gold) determine the equilibrium price level and real output.