Sub-atomic particles, isotopes, electronic configuration, and the layout of the periodic table.
Ionic, covalent and metallic bonding, and how structure explains physical properties.
Relative formula mass, the mole, reacting masses, concentrations and gas volumes.
The pH scale, the reactions of acids, and how to prepare soluble and insoluble salts.
Factors affecting the rate of reaction, collision theory, and exothermic and endothermic changes.
The reactivity series, displacement reactions, and electrolysis of molten and aqueous compounds.
Group 1, 7 and 0 trends, and the standard tests for gases and ions.
Crude oil and fractional distillation, alkanes and alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids, and polymers.