The ideal gas, kinetic theory and real-gas deviations, the three states, and giant and simple lattice structures with their properties.
The kinetic theory and the ideal gas
An ideal gas is assumed to consist of point particles in random motion, with no intermolecular forces and elastic collisions; its behaviour obeys . Real gases deviate most at high pressure and low temperature, because molecules are then close together so their volume is no longer negligible and intermolecular forces matter. Gases behave most ideally at low pressure and high temperature.
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