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Edexcel ·Physics·Cambridge AS & A Level Physics

Gravitational Fields

14 min read

Newton's law of gravitation, gravitational field strength, gravitational potential, and orbital motion of satellites.

Newton's law of gravitation

Every point mass attracts every other with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separation:

F=Gm1m2r2F = \dfrac{G m_1 m_2}{r^2}F=r2Gm1​m2​​

where G=6.67×10−11 N m2 kg−2G = 6.67\times10^{-11}\ \text{N m}^2\,\text{kg}^{-2}G=6.67×10−11 N m2kg−2 is the gravitational constant. The force is always attractive.

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