Hardware and software, the CPU and the fetch–decode–execute cycle, and the memory hierarchy.
Binary, denary and hexadecimal, units of storage, and representing text, images and sound.
The logic gates AND, OR and NOT, their truth tables, and combining them in logic circuits.
Flowcharts and pseudocode, and the standard searching and sorting algorithms.
Constructs, variables and data types, operators, and arrays.
LANs and WANs, topologies, protocols, and how data travels across the internet.
Tables, records and fields, primary and foreign keys, relational databases and validation.
Threats and protection, and the social, ethical, legal and environmental impact of computing.