The three states of matter, the kinetic particle theory, changes of state, and diffusion.
The three states of matter
Matter exists as solids, liquids and gases. The kinetic particle theory explains their properties in terms of the arrangement, movement and energy of particles.
| Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arrangement | regular, close-packed | close but random | far apart, random |
| Movement | vibrate about fixed points | move/slide past each other | move quickly in all directions |
| Forces between particles | strong | weaker | very weak/negligible |
| Shape & volume | fixed shape, fixed volume | fixed volume, takes shape of container | no fixed shape or volume |
| Compressible | no | almost none | yes (large gaps) |
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