The von Neumann architecture, registers, the system buses, the fetch–execute cycle, factors affecting performance, interrupts and assembly language.
The von Neumann architecture
In the von Neumann model, a single memory holds both program instructions and data (the stored-program concept), and the CPU fetches and executes instructions one at a time. The CPU has a Control Unit (CU), an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and registers, connected to memory and I/O by the system buses.
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