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← Accounting notes
Edexcel IAL·Accounting·IAL Accounting

Depreciation

13 min read

Why we depreciate non-current assets, the straight-line and reducing-balance methods, and disposals.

Depreciation spreads the cost of a non-current asset over its useful life (matching concept). It is a non-cash expense in the income statement; accumulated depreciation reduces the asset's carrying value in the balance sheet.

Methods

  • Straight-line: equal amount each year.

Depreciation=cost−residual valueuseful life\text{Depreciation} = \frac{\text{cost} - \text{residual value}}{\text{useful life}}Depreciation=useful lifecost−residual value​

  • Reducing-balance: a fixed % of the carrying value each year (more in early years).

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More Accounting notes

The Accounting Equation & Double Entry

Books of Prime Entry & Ledgers

The Trial Balance & Error Correction

The Income Statement