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Edexcel IGCSE·Maths·IGCSE Higher Mathematics

Probability

14 min read

Basic probability, mutually exclusive and independent events, tree diagrams, Venn diagrams and conditional probability.

Probability measures how likely an event is, from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain).

Basic probability

P(event)=number of favourable outcomestotal number of outcomesP(\text{event}) = \frac{\text{number of favourable outcomes}}{\text{total number of outcomes}}P(event)=total number of outcomesnumber of favourable outcomes​ The probabilities of all outcomes sum to 1, so P(not A)=1−P(A)P(\text{not } A) = 1 - P(A)P(not A)=1−P(A). Expected frequency = probability × number of trials.

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