Acids and bases, the pH scale, neutralisation and salt preparation, and the reactivity series of metals.
Acids and bases
Acids produce ions in water; they have a pH below 7.
Bases react with acids; soluble bases are alkalis (produce ions), pH above 7.
Neutral solutions have pH 7.
| Indicator | Acid | Neutral | Alkali |
|---|---|---|---|
| Litmus | red | purple | blue |
| Universal indicator | red/orange | green | blue/purple |
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