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Edexcel IGCSE·Biology·IGCSE Biology

Respiration & Gas Exchange

14 min read

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration, the human breathing system and gas exchange, and gas exchange in plants.

Respiration

Respiration releases energy from glucose in all living cells (it is not the same as breathing).

  • Aerobic (with oxygen): glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ much energy).
  • Anaerobic (without oxygen): in humans, glucose → lactic acid (+ a little energy), causing oxygen debt; in yeast, glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide (fermentation).

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