Genetic and environmental variation, mutation, natural selection and evolution, and selective breeding.
Variation
- Genetic variation — from different alleles (sexual reproduction, mutation), e.g. blood group.
- Environmental variation — caused by surroundings, e.g. language, scars.
- Many features result from both (e.g. height).
Continuous variation has a range (e.g. height); discontinuous has distinct categories (e.g. blood group).
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