Alcohols, halogenoalkanes and their reactions, plus an introduction to analytical tests.
Beyond hydrocarbons, functional groups give organic molecules their characteristic reactions.
Alcohols
Contain the group (general formula ). They:
- burn completely to CO₂ and water;
- oxidise (with acidified potassium dichromate(VI), orange → green): primary alcohols → aldehydes → carboxylic acids; secondary → ketones; tertiary do not oxidise;
- dehydrate (hot with concentrated H₂SO₄) to alkenes.
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